Perkembangan Produksi Air Minum Dalam Kemasan (AMDK)
Berkembanganya industri air minum dalam kemasan di Indonesia, tentunya berpengaruh pula kemampuan produksi AMDK tersebut. Berdasarkan data Asosiasi Perusahaan Air Minum Dalam Kemasan Indonesia (Aspadin) dalam kurun waktu lima tahun terakhir, produksi AMDK tumbuh rata-rata sebesar 8 persen.
Pada tahun 2012 lalu produksi air minum dalam kemasan (AMDK) tercatat sebesar 19,86 miliar liter, kemudian pada tahun 2013 produksi naik menjadi sebesar 20,39 miliar liter. Kenaikan tersebut terus berlanjut pada tahun 2014 menjadi sebesar 23,16 miliar liter.
Pada tahun 2015 produksi terus tumbuh naik menjadi sebesar 24,78 miliar liter. Sementara pada tahun 2016 seiring perluasan pabrik dan hadirnya pabrik-pabrik baru di tanah air, produksi mengalami peningkatan menjadi sebesar 26,90 miliar liter. Peningkatan tersebut merupakan pencapaian luar biasa, karena ekonomi dalam negeri sempat melemah.
Menurut informasi yang BIZTEKA peroleh kendati produksi AMDK terus tumbuh, industri AMDK dihinggapi berbagai tantangan:
- Industri AMDK sangat bergantung pada penggunaan plastik, sehingga cukup sensitif terhadap nilai tukar rupiah terkait impor bahan baku plastik.
- Distribusi sebagai salah satu komponen utama bisnis AMDK menyebabkan industri ini peka terhadap kenaikan bahan bakar dan upah tenaga kerja (UMP).
- Perusahaan AMDK skala kecil kerap dihadapkan pada fenomena perang harga yang pada akhirnya menggerus margin perusahaan, bahkan membuat mereka merugi.
- Untuk perusahaan skala lokal, masih adanya kendala pada sistem manajemen pemasaran, manajemen distribusi, serta sistem teknologi informasi untuk jaringan logistik.
- Kendala terkait regulasi seperti tarif bea masuk biji plastik dan regulasi mengenai pengelolaan sumber daya air yang masih menjadi topik hangat saat ini
- Hadirnya pelaku usaha Air Minum Isi Ulang (AMIU) dalam pengisian air isi ulang, terutama oleh konsumen dengan merek terdaftar. Kondisi ini jelas merugikan perusahaan karena mereka tidak memproduksi galon sendiri.
Selengkapnya mengenai Industri Air Minung dalam Kemasan di Indonesia bisa didapat pada Jurnal Bisnis Bizteka edisi Oktober 2017
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